What is the Holy Book of Sikhism?

What is the Holy Book of Sikhism?

The Guru Granth Sahib is the central and holy scripture of Sikhism, often referred to as the Sikh holy book.

Introduction

Sikhism, one of the world’s major religions, is characterized by its unique beliefs, practices, and a profound reverence for a sacred scripture known as the Guru Granth Sahib. Sikhs hold this holy book in the highest esteem, and it serves as the guiding light for their spiritual and moral lives. In this article, we will explore the Guru Granth Sahib, its significance, and its role in Sikhism.

Origin and Compilation

The Guru Granth Sahib, often referred to simply as the Guru Granth, is a compilation of hymns, poems, and writings by Sikh Gurus and other revered saints and poets. The scripture was first compiled by Guru Arjan Dev Ji, the fifth Guru of Sikhism, in the early 17th century. Guru Arjan Dev Ji began the compilation process in 1604 and completed it in 1606.

The Guru Granth Sahib is unique in the sense that it includes contributions from Sikh Gurus, specifically the first five Gurus: Guru Nanak Dev Ji, Guru Angad Dev Ji, Guru Amar Das Ji, Guru Ram Das Ji, and Guru Arjan Dev Ji. Additionally, the scripture contains writings from other notable saints, including Kabir, Sheikh Farid, Bhagat Ravidas, and many more. This interfaith inclusivity is a testament to the universal and egalitarian nature of Sikhism.

The Guru Granth Sahib contains hymns written in various languages, primarily Punjabi, but also includes verses in Sanskrit, Persian, and other regional languages. The hymns are written in different poetic forms, including shabads (hymns), pauris (stanzas), and saloks (couplets). This diversity reflects the spiritual, social, and cultural richness of the Sikh tradition.

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Religious Significance

The Guru Granth Sahib holds a central place in Sikh religious and spiritual life. Sikhs regard it as their eternal Guru, the final and ultimate authority on matters of faith and practice. This distinction is critical because, in Sikhism, there is no living Guru since Guru Gobind Singh Ji, the tenth Guru, declared the Guru Granth Sahib as the eternal Guru of the Sikh community.

Sikhs bow in reverence to the Guru Granth Sahib, acknowledging it as the living embodiment of divine wisdom. It is placed on a raised platform in the gurdwara (Sikh place of worship) under a canopy, symbolizing its regal status. The scripture is treated with the utmost respect, with a tradition of covering it with ornate cloths and reciting from it daily.

The Guru Granth Sahib also serves as a source of spiritual guidance and inspiration. Sikhs turn to it for insights on morality, ethical conduct, and the path to spiritual enlightenment. The scripture addresses various aspects of human life, emphasizing the importance of selfless service (seva), devotion, and a relationship with the Divine.

Universal Message

One of the core principles of Sikhism is the belief in the oneness of God and the unity of all humankind. The Guru Granth Sahib encapsulates this message of universal love, tolerance, and equality. It transcends religious and cultural boundaries, inviting people of all backgrounds to seek spiritual enlightenment.

The hymns and teachings found in the Guru Granth Sahib emphasize the importance of living a life guided by honesty, humility, and selflessness. Sikhs are encouraged to meditate on the divine name, practice humility, and engage in selfless service to humanity.

Conclusion

The Guru Granth Sahib, the holy book of Sikhism, is a remarkable scripture that embodies the teachings of Sikh Gurus and other spiritual luminaries. It stands as a testament to the inclusive and universal nature of Sikhism, offering spiritual wisdom and guidance to all who seek it. Sikhs hold the Guru Granth Sahib in deep reverence, not only as a religious text but as a living embodiment of divine wisdom and a source of inspiration for leading a virtuous and meaningful life.

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